เรียนเรื่อง clauses
Clause คือประโยคเล็กในประโยคใหญ่ เพราะมันประอบด้วย
ประธาน (subject) และส่วนขยาย (predicate)
แบ่งออกเป็น noun clauses, adjective clausesและ adverb clauses
Adverb clause. คือ กลุ่มของคำที่ประกอบด้วยประธานและส่วนขยาย(ประโยคเล็กในประโยคใหญ่)
และทำหน้าที่เป็น Adverb
(กริยาวิเศษณ์: คำที่ขยายกริยา/คุณศัพท์/ตัวมันเอง)
·
You
may sit wherever you like.
·
You
will pass if you work hard.
·
He
fled where his pursuers could not follow.
·
I
do it because I choose to.
·
He
behaves as one might expect him to do.
·
We
shall wait here until you come.
·
I
shall remain where I am.
·
Wherever one goes one hears the same story.
Adverb
clause มีหลายชนิด
แยกได้ดังต่อไปนี้ Adverb clause of—
1. Time
2. Place
3. Purpose
4. Cause/reason
5. Condition
6. Result/consequence
7. Comparison
8. Supposition/concession
ตัวอย่างแต่ละชนิด
1.Adverb
clauses of time….จะมีคำเชื่อมต่อไปนี้ when, whenever, while, after,
before, since, as, till, no sooner….than, so long as ประโยคตัวอย่าง....
·
When you have finished your work you may go home.
·
Don’t talk
while she is singing.
·
I
have not been well since I returned from Chiengmai.
·
As he came to the room all rose to their feet.
·
Do it before
you forget.
·
They were commanded to wait till the signal was given.
·
No sooner did he see us than he disappeared.
·
The world will be the same so long as men are men.
·
The doctor always comes whenever he is sent for.
·
As soon as he heard the news he wrote to me.
2. Adverb
clauses of place…. จะมีคำเชื่อมต่อไปนี้
where, wherever, whereas
ประโยคตัวอย่าง เช่น..........
* I have put
it where I can find it again.
* Where
you live I will live.
*Let him be
arrested wherever he may be found.
3. Adverb
clauses of purpose คำเชื่อมที่ใช้มี so that, in order that, lest, ประโยคตัวย่าง
*I will give
you a map so that you can find the way.
*The UNO was
formed in order that countries might discuss world problems better.
*He was
extra polite to his superiors lest something adverse should be written into
his records.
4. Adverb
clauses of cause/reason คำเชื่อมที่ใช้มี
because, as, since, that,
ประโยคตัวอย่าง
* Because
I like you I shall help you.
*Since
you are so clever you will be able to explain this.
*I am glad that
you like it.
As he was
not here I spoke to
his brother.
5. Adverb
clauses of condition
คำเชื่อมที่ใช้มี if, whether, unless ประโยคตัวอย่าง
*If it
rains we shall stay at home.
*I shan’t
pay it unless he sends me the bill again.
*I will
forgive you on condition that you don’t repeat the offence.
*You must go
whether you hear from him or not.
*Unless
you work harder you will you will fail.
บางคราวคำเชื่อมที่จะใช้ละไว้ก็ได้
ตัวอย่างเช่น
Had I not
see this with my own eyes I would not have believed it.
Had I the
wings of a bird I
would fly away.
He would be
happier were he honester.
Were an
angel to tell me such a thing of you, I would not believe it.
หรือบางที่ก็ใช้คำ
Relative pronoun,
adjective, หรือ adverb เป็นคำเชื่อม เช่น
Whatever
happens keep calm.
Don’t annoy
him whatever you do.
Whichever
road we take we
shall be too late.
6. Adverb
clauses of result/consequence คำเชื่อมที่ใช้มี so….that, such….that, ประโยคตัวอย่าง
* So
terrible a disease broke out that very few of the people survived.
*He is such
a good man that all respect him.
*The Roman
built in such a way that their walls are still standing.
*He spoke in
such a low voice that few could hear him.
7. Adverb
clauses of comparison.
คำเชื่อมที่ใช้มี than, as, ประโยคตัวอย่าง เช่น
*He is older
than he looks.
*No one can
run faster than Bolt.
*He is as
stupid as he is lazy.
*You must work harder than I do.
8. Adverb
clauses of supposition/concession คำเชื่อมที่ใช้มี though, although, even if ประโยคตัวอย่างเช่น
* Though
I am poor I am honest.
*He set sail
though the storm threatened.
*Even if
it rains I shall come.
*Even if
he is old he is able to do a great deal of work.
*I shall be
able to get in although I have no ticket.
*I would not do it even if you paid me.
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